太原市大气细颗粒物PM2.5对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者短期肺功能影响的时间序列研究
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邵莹莹,硕士研究生在读,主要研究方向:疾病流行病学与卫生统计学分析

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R181

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Time-series study on the impact of atmospheric fine particulate matter PM2.5 on short-term pulmonary function in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiyuan City
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    摘要:

    目的 探究太原市大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)患者短期肺功能的影响。方法 回顾性选取太原市2021年12月-2023年12月5家综合医院呼吸内科收治的1 015例老年COPD患者进行研究;分析病历资料、大气污染物资料及气象资料;分析PM2.5与肺功能指标及空气污染物的关系;分析PM2.5对肺功能的影响及滞后效应;分析PM2.5浓度在不同滞后日下对肺通气功能障碍风险的累积效应;分析性别、年龄对PM2.5与患者短期肺功能之间关系的影响作用。结果 PM2.5、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、二氧化硫(SO2)、一氧化碳(CO)与平均温度、平均湿度间呈负相关(P<0.05);二氧化氮(NO2)、臭氧(O3)与平均温度间呈负相关(P<0.05);PM2.5、PM10、SO2、CO、NO2、O3之间呈正相关(P<0.05);PM2.5升高是肺功能降低,空气污染物升高的独立危险因素(P<0.05);在lag0和lag1,PM2.5浓度与肺功能呈剂量反应负相关(P<0.05);日均PM2.5浓度在lag0是危险效应(P<0.05)。结论 PM2.5浓度对肺功能影响有一定的时间滞后性。PM2.5浓度增加可导致肺功能下降。

    Abstract:

    Objective To explore the effect of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Taiyuan City on short-term pulmonary function in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Among the 1 015 elderly COPD patients admitted to the respiratory departments of five general hospitals in Taiyuan City from December 2021 to December 2023 were retrospectively selected for research; medical records, air pollutant data and meteorological data were analyzed; the relationship between PM2.5 and lung function indicators and air pollutants was analyzed; the impact of PM2.5 on lung function and its lag effect were analyzed; the cumulative effect of PM2.5 concentration on the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction was analyzed; The influence of gender and age on the relationship between PM2.5 and patients 'short-term pulmonary function was analyzed. Results PM2.5, respirable particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO) were negatively correlated with average temperature and average humidity (P<0.05) ; Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) were negatively correlated with average temperature (P<0.05) ; There was a positive correlation among PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, NO2, and O3 (P<0.05) ; Elevated PM2.5 is an independent risk factor for decreased lung function and increased air pollutants (P<0.05) ; At lag0 and lag1, PM2.5 concentration was negatively correlated with lung function in a dose-response manner (P<0.05); daily average PM2.5 concentration at lag0 was a dangerous effect (P<0.05). Conclusion The impact of PM2.5 concentration on lung function has a certain time lag. An increase in PM2.5 concentrations can lead to a decline in lung function.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-18
  • 最后修改日期:2024-12-18
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-01-15
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