2014-2020年上海市闵行区病毒性腹泻病原学监测研究

Pathogenic surveillance of viral diarrhea in Minhang District of Shanghai in 2014-2020

摘要:

目的了解上海市闵行区病毒性腹泻病流行特征和病原谱分布，为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法2014-2020年，按一定的抽样间隔随机选取上海市闵行区2家监测点医院肠道门诊的腹泻病例开展调查采样，同时用real-time PCR方法对采集的粪便标本进行轮状病毒（Rotavirus，RV）、诺如病毒（Norovirus，NV）、肠道腺病毒（Adenovirus，AdV）、星状病毒（Astrovirus，AstV）、札如病毒（Sapovirus，SaV）检测。结果1839例病例的粪便标本开展病毒检测，其中646例病例标本检出阳性，检出率为35.13%；RV、NV、AdV、AstV、SaV五种病毒均有检出，以诺如病毒为主（421例，65.17%），其次为轮状病毒（151例，23.37%）；诺如病毒阳性率在20～69岁年龄组较高，轮状病毒阳性率在0～9岁年龄组较高。结论诺如病毒、轮状病毒是本地区病毒性腹泻病的优势病原，具有明显的季节性流行特征，应该在流行季节，开展针对性防治措施。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of viral diarrhea in Minhang District, Shanghai. Methods Random sampling on diarrhea was conducted in intestinal outpatient departments of 2 sentinel hospitals according to a certain sampling interval in Minhang District，Shanghai from 2014 to 2020. Real time PCR technology was used to detect Rotavirus, Norovirus, adenovirus, Astrovirus and Sapovirus in fecal samples. Results A total of 646 out of 1 839 stool specimenswere tested positive, and the positive rate was 35.13%.Five pathogenic viruses were detected , mostly norovirus (421 cases, 65.17%) followed by rotavirus (151 cases, 23.37%).The positive rate of norovirus was higher in the age group of 20- 69 years, and the positive rate of Rotavirus was higher in the age group of 0- 9 years. Conclusions Norovirus and rotavirus accounted for the majority of reported infection diarrhea cases in MinhangDistrict of Shanghai from 2014 to 2020, with significant seasonal peaks. Tailored prevention and control measures should be carried out, particularly in risk seasons.