济宁市空气污染状况与急性脑血管病的相关性研究

Study on the correlation between air pollution and acute cerebrovascular diseases in Jining

摘要:

目的 探讨济宁市大气污染物PM2.5、PM10、SO2、CO、NO2等的时空分布特征及其对济宁市急性脑血管病发病的影响。方法 回顾收集济宁市某三甲医院2017年10月1日-2019年11月31日收治的急性脑血管病患者资料，结合济宁市29个空气质量监测站点的同期大气污染物浓度数据，采用Kriging插值模型模拟分析济宁市的大气污染整体情况；并在此基础上，分析济宁市大气污染与急性脑血管病发病的关系。结果 济宁市急性脑血管病男性发病率高于女性，农村地区发病率明显高于城市；空间分布上，呈现由东南到西北逐渐集聚的趋势。大气污染物PM2.5和PM10的日均浓度冬春季高，夏秋季低；Kriging插值分析结果显示，各大气污染物浓度形成了不同程度的集聚点。济宁市急性脑血管病患者的空间分布与大气污染物浓度的空间分布吻合程度较高；Spearman相关分析表明，CO、SO2、NO2等大气污染物浓度与急性脑血管病发病呈现正相关性，PM2.5、PM10与急性脑血管病的发病关系不显著。结论CO、SO2、NO2等部分空气污染指标与急性脑血管病发病呈正相关性，且患病情况存在一定的人群、地域性分布，在以后的脑血管病预防工作中，应针对特定人群的居住环境，因地制宜地做好个人防护。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of air pollutants PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, NO2 and effects on acute cerebrovascular diseases in Jining City. Methods Based on the data of cerebrovascular disease patients from October 1st 2017 to November 31，2019 in a 3A hospital of Jining City, combined with the air pollution data of 29 air quality monitoring stations in Jining City,using the Kriging interpolation model to analyze the air pollution in Jining, and on this basis, the relationship between the air pollution concentration and the cerebrovascular diseases in Jining City was analyzed. Results In Jining City, the incidence of cerebrovascular disease in male is higher than that in female, and in rural areas is significantly higher than that in urban. The spatial distribution shows a trend of gradual accumulation from southeast to northwest. The daily average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were higher in winter and spring than summer and autumn. The result of Kriging interpolation analysis shows that the concentration of each air pollutant forms different degrees of concentration points.The spatial distribution of cerebrovascular disease patients in Jining City is highly consistent with the spatial distribution of air pollutant concentration. Spearman correlation analysis shows that CO, SO2, NO2 are positively correlated with cerebrovascular disease, whilethe correlations between cerebrovascular disease and PM2.5 as well as PM10 are not significant. Conclusion Some air pollutants such as CO, SO2, NO2 have a positive correlation with cerebrovascular disease, and there is a certain population and regional distribution of the disease. In the future disease prevention work, specific groups should be tailored to local conditions.