基于Gini系数和Lorenz曲线的2015-2019年我国健康教育资源配置的公平性研究

Study on the Equity of Resource Allocation for Health Education in China based on Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve from 2015-2019.

摘要:

目的：健康教育资源配置是评价卫生公平性的基础指标之一。目前我国关于健康教育资源配置公平性的研究多局限于单一年份或区域性数据，为 了了解整个中国2015-2019年的健康教育资源的公平性，为了进一步合理分配健康教育资源提供相应的依据。 方法：根据2016-2020年《中国卫生统计年鉴》中的各省的疾控或健康教育中心为主开展的健康教育培训工作、健康教育宣传工作、健康教育宣传资料的发放数以及年度使用经费为基础资料，应用不平等系数（Gini系数）和Lorenz曲线对所选数据进行研究。结果：2015年—2019年我国健康教育资源总计分别是1789735次数和1933336次数。 健康教育资源配置按人口分布的Gini系数均在0.4的警戒线以下，处于公平状态。 结论：我国的健康教育资源公平性按照人口学指标良好，未出现显著的不公平性现象。尤其在健康教育服务层面上，如技术咨询、媒体合作等方面比较完善，但是在网站建设上还有很大的提升空间。

Abstract:

Objective: Health education resource allocation is one of the basic indicators for evaluating health equity. At present, the research on the equity of health education resource allocation in China is mostly limited to a single year or regional data, in order to understand the equity of health education resources in the whole China from 2015-2019, and to provide a corresponding basis for further rational allocation of health education resources. Methods: Based on the number of health education training work, health education publicity work, distribution of health education publicity materials and annual use of funds carried out mainly by the CDC or health education centers in each province in the China Health Statistical Yearbook from 2016 to 2020 as the base information, the inequality coefficient (Gini coefficient) and Lorenz curve were applied to study the selected data. Results: The total number of health education resources in China from 2015-2019 was 1789735 and 1933336, respectively. The Gini coefficients of health education resource allocation by population distribution are all below the warning line of 0.4 and are in an equitable state. Conclusion: The equity of health education resources in China is good according to demographic indicators, and no significant inequity has been observed. Especially at the level of health education services, such as technical consultation and media cooperation, are relatively good, but there is still much room for improvement in the construction of websites.